artificial leather vs genuine leather

Leather has been a popular material for centuries due to its durability, versatility and timeless appeal. However, with the advancement of technology, artificial leather, also known as synthetic or faux leather, has emerged as a viable alternative.

Table Of  Contents

1. Material Composition

2. Quality

3. Texture and Appearance

4. Comfort and Breathability

5. Environmental Impact

6. Sustainability

7. Cost

8. Maintenance

Material Composition

One of the fundamental differences between artificial(synthetic) leather and genuine leather lies in their material composition. This distinction has significant implications for thecharacteristics and qualities of each type of leather. 

. Artificial Leather

1. Primary Materials: 

Artificial leather, also known as synthetic or faux leather, is primarily composed of synthetic materials such as:

Polyurethane (PU): PU leather is a common choice for artificial leather. It is created by coating a fabric backing with a layer of polyurethane. This coating can be embossed to mimic the texture of genuine leather.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): PVC leather, often referred to as vinyl, is another synthetic material used for artificial leather. It is produced by layering PVC on a fabric base and can also be embossed for texture.

Microfiber: Some high-quality artificial leathers use microfiber materials to closely mimic the texture and appearance of genuine leather.

2. Coatings and Treatments: 

To achieve the desired texture, appearance, and durability, artificial leather is often subjected to various coatings, treatments, and finishes. These processes can include adding color, gloss, or matte finishes to simulate the natural look of leather.

. Genuine Leather

1. Animal Hides: 

Genuine leather is made from the hides or skins of animals, typically cattle (cowhide), pigs (pigskin), sheep (sheepskin), or goats (goatskin). Each type of leather has its unique qualities based on the animal source.

2.Tanning Process: 

The key to transforming animal hides into genuine leather lies in the tanning process. Tanning involves treating the hides with chemicals, such as tannins, to preserve and strengthen the material. There are two primary methods:

Vegetable Tanning: This method uses natural tannins found in plant extracts. It results in leather with a more natural appearance and is often used for high-quality leather goods.

Chrome Tanning: Chrome tanning uses chromium salts and is faster and more cost-effective. It produces softer, more supple leather suitable for various applications.

Finishing: After tanning, genuine leather can undergo additional processes, such as dyeing, buffing, and embossing, to achieve the desired appearance and texture. These processes can vary depending on the intended use of the leather.

Quality

The quality and durability of leather play a crucial role in determining its suitability for various applications and its long-term performance. 

. Artificial Leather

1. Consistency: 

Artificial leather often exhibits a consistent appearance and texture because it is manufactured to specific standards. This uniformity can be desirable for certain applications where a flawless look is preferred.

2. Variability: 

Quality can vary among different grades and brands of artificial leather. Higher-quality versions may closely resemble genuine leather in terms of look and feel.

. Genuine Leather

1. Natural Variability: 

Genuine leather exhibits natural variations in texture, grain, and color due to its organic origin. This unique character is often considered a hallmark of quality and authenticity.

2. Quality Grading: 

Genuine leather can be graded based on its quality, with top-grain and full-grain leather being the highest quality. These grades offer superior durability and aesthetic appeal.

Texture and Appearance

Texture and appearance are two critical factors that distinguish artificial leather (also known as faux leather or synthetic leather) from genuine leather.

. Artificial Leather

1. Texture: 

Artificial leather is typically smoother and more uniform in texture compared to genuine leather. It often has a consistent surface with minimal natural imperfections or variations. The texture of artificial leather can be manipulated during manufacturing to achieve various looks, such as a glossy or matte finish, embossed patterns, or a suede-like texture.

2.  Appearance: 

It may have a more consistent color and finish, making it easier to match and maintain its appearance. Artificial leather can come in a wide range of colors and patterns, as it can be dyed and printed with various designs.

.Genuine Leather

1. Texture: 

Genuine leather boasts a rich, natural texture that results from the unique characteristics of the animal hide it is made from. The texture of genuine leather can vary significantly based on the animal source (e.g., cowhide, sheepskin, or exotic leathers like crocodile or ostrich). Genuine leather often displays natural imperfections, such as wrinkles, scars, grain patterns, and pores, which are considered desirable and add to its authenticity.

 

2. Appearance: 

The appearance of genuine leather is characterized by its authentic, natural look.

It often features unique grain patterns, variations in color, and subtle imperfections that contribute to its beauty and individuality. Genuine leather has a timeless and classic appearance that is often associated with luxury and durability.

Comfort and Breathability

When it comes to choosing between artificial leather (also known as synthetic or faux leather) and genuine leather, comfort and breathability are two essential factors to consider. Both types of leather have their own distinct characteristics in these aspects, and your choice will depend on your personal preferences and specific needs.

. Artificial Leather

1. Comfort: 

Artificial leather has come a long way in terms of comfort. Modern synthetic materials are designed to mimic the softness and suppleness of genuine leather. They often have a smooth, consistent texture that can be comfortable to wear or sit on. However, comfort can vary widely depending on the quality of the artificial leather.

 

2. Breathability: 

Artificial leather typically has lower breathability compared to genuine leather. It is often made from synthetic materials like polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which are less porous than natural animal hides. This means that artificial leather may not allow for adequate airflow, potentially leading to increased moisture and warmth in certain conditions. As a result, it may not be the best choice for hot and humid environments or for extended periods of wear.

. Genuine Leather

1. Comfort: 

Genuine leather is prized for its comfort and luxurious feel. It has a natural, irregular texture that conforms to your body over time, making it exceptionally comfortable to wear or use. The suppleness of genuine leather improves with age, so a well-crafted leather item can become even more comfortable over the years.

2. Breathability: 

Genuine leather is highly breathable because it is a natural material. The porous structure of leather allows air to circulate, helping to regulate temperature and moisture. This breathability makes genuine leather a great choice for clothing, footwear, and furniture in a variety of climates. It wicks away moisture from your body, reducing the risk of discomfort from sweating.

Environmental Impact

Choosing between artificial leather (synthetic or faux leather) and genuine leather not only involves considerations of comfort and style but also has significant implications for the environment. 

. Artificial Leather

Faux leather, also known as synthetic leather or vegan leather, is often regarded as a more environmentally friendly alternative to genuine leather because it does not require the use of animal hides. This makes it appealing to those who prioritize animal welfare and ethical consumption.

. Genuine Leather

The leather industry can have significant environmental concerns, particularly related to livestock farming and tanning processes. Livestock farming can contribute to deforestation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Tanning processes involve the use of chemicals that can be harmful to the environment if not properly managed.

Sustainability

Sustainability is a crucial consideration when choosing between artificial leather (synthetic or faux leather) and genuine leather. Both materials have their own sustainability pros and cons, and the choice you make should align with your environmental values and priorities.

. Artificial Leather

1. Resource Efficiency: 

Artificial leather is typically more resource-efficient in terms of land use and water consumption compared to genuine leather. The production of synthetic materials like polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) generally requires fewer natural resources and less land than raising livestock for leather.

 

2. Chemical Usage: 

While the manufacturing of artificial leather involves the use of chemicals, some newer production methods have become more environmentally friendly, reducing the overall impact. Look for products made using eco-friendly and low-VOC (volatile organic compound) processes to minimize harm.

. Genuine Leather

1. Animal Agriculture: 

One of the most significant sustainability concerns with genuine leather is the environmental impact of raising animals for their hides. This includes resource-intensive processes like land use, water consumption, and feed production, as well as associated greenhouse gas emissions.

 

2. Chemical Usage: 

The tanning process for genuine leather often involves the use of chemicals, such as chromium, which can be harmful to the environment if not managed properly. Sustainable leather production seeks to minimize these negative effects through responsible tanning practices, such as vegetable tanning.

Cost

The cost of leather can vary widely based on factors such as the type of leather, quality, and the specific item being produced.

. Artificial Leather

1. Lower Cost:

Artificial leather is generally more affordable than genuine leather. This is because it is made from synthetic materials like polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which are readily available and less expensive to produce than genuine animal hides.

 

2. Price Consistency:

The cost of artificial leather is often more consistent and predictable. It is not as influenced by factors like animal hide scarcity, which can cause fluctuations in genuine leather prices.

. Genuine Leather

1. Higher Cost: 

Genuine leather tends to be more expensive than artificial leather. The price of genuine leather varies significantly depending on factors like the animal source (e.g., cowhide, sheepskin, or exotic hides), quality, and finish. Exotic leather types, such as alligator or ostrich, can be extremely expensive.

 

2. Price Variability: 

Genuine leather prices can fluctuate due to factors like supply and demand, the quality of hides, and market trends. High-quality and rare leather types are more expensive.

Maintenance

Artificial leather, often referred to as synthetic leather or faux leather, and genuine leather require different maintenance approaches to keep them looking their best and ensure their longevity.

. Artificial Leather

1. Regular Cleaning: 

Clean artificial leather regularly with a damp cloth or sponge. Use mild soap or a specially formulated synthetic leather cleaner. Avoid harsh chemicals or abrasive scrubbers as they can damage the material.

 

2. Drying: 

After cleaning, allow the artificial leather to air dry naturally. Do not expose it to direct sunlight or high heat sources as this can cause cracking or fading.

 

3. Protection: 

Apply a synthetic leather conditioner or protectant to maintain its suppleness and prevent cracking. Follow the product's instructions for application.

 

4. Avoid Heat and Sun: 

Keep artificial leather items away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Prolonged exposure to these can cause the material to become brittle and lose its color.

 

5. Storage: 

Store artificial leather items in a cool, dry place when not in use. Use dust covers or fabric bags to protect them from dust and moisture.

 

6. Stain Removal: 

Immediately blot any spills or stains with a clean cloth. Use a mild detergent and water to clean the affected area gently. Always test in an inconspicuous spot first. 

Avoid Sharp Objects: Be cautious to prevent punctures or tears.

. Genuine Leather

1. Cleaning: 

Wipe genuine leather with a clean, damp cloth regularly to remove dust and dirt. For deeper cleaning, use a leather cleaner specifically designed for genuine leather.

 

2. Conditioning: 

Apply a leather conditioner every few months to keep the leather soft and supple. Conditioning helps prevent dryness and cracking.

 

3. Protection: 

Use a leather protector or wax to create a protective barrier against moisture and stains. This is especially important for light-colored leathers.

 

4. Storage: 

Store genuine leather items in a cool, well-ventilated area. Avoid plastic bags, as they can trap moisture. Instead, use breathable fabric dust bags.

5. Stain Removal: 

Treat stains promptly with a leather stain remover or a mixture of mild soap and water. Gently blot the stain; do not rub it.

 

6. Avoid Direct Sunlight: 

Keep genuine leather away from direct sunlight to prevent fading and drying out.